Structure



T. E. RICHARDS.

STRUCTURE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-4, i918. RENEWED .IU'LY I0. I920.1,350,289, Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

S SHEETS-SHEET I.

Inventor ,7. 2'. Mm

Attorney.

Fig.

T. E. RICHARDS.

STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION man sEPT.4.. 1918. RENEwED 1uLY1o,'192o. 1,350,289.PatentedAug. 17,1920. l f s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l g 1;. f FigA. k f k I f' f Figi.

Inventor 7. LLM

T. E. RICHARDS.

STRUCTURE. APPLICATION FILED SEPTA, ma. Renewal) JULY 1o. 1920. 11,350,289. Patented Aug. 17, 1920,

f le SHEETS-SHEET s.

4 v H bb A b9 Nm n A e P fiz bo l El cr n -n Inventor zfz. 1... w-n I byw- Cna-f i .lttorney.

.T. E. RICHARDS.

I STRUCTURE. APPLICATION FILED sEPT. 4. 1918.

RENEWED JULY I0, 1.920.

Patented Aug. 17,1920.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

lventor 4 Attorney.

STRUCTURE.

` APPLICATION FILE'Dr SEPT- 4, i918. 1,350,289.

RENEWED 1ULYi0, 1920.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Inventor ,7. 2- M k Fi .15,

ttorney.

T. E. RICHARDS.

STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.4, i918- RENEWED .IULY10, 1920.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

8 SHEETSSIIEET 6.

Inventor Attorney.

T. E. RICHARDS.

l STRUCTURE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-4, HHS.4 RENEWED IULY I0, i920.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

8 SHEETS-SHEET .lttorno T. E. RICHARDS.

STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 4, 1918. RENEV-IED JULY l0, 1920.

1 ,350,289. Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

lig.22.

Inventar Z. E. W

bv af. e. am

UNITEDA STATES f PATENT ortica.

THOMASy niDennnIcHAnDs, or LONDON, ENGLAND.

STRUCTURE.

Specification of- IliettersN atent.

Application ined september 4, i918, serial No. 252,649.` m'aewamy 11o,i920. serialY No. 395,386.

Be it known ,that I, THOMAS EDGAR RICHARDS, a'subject ofl the King ofGreat Britain and Ireland, residing at 16 .Albemarle street, London, WL'I., invented certain newjand useful Improvements Relating to Structures,of which the i following yis a specification.

This invention relates to structures, and has been made more especiallywith the idea of providingI structures applicable for the purposejot1hangars, that `is, forthe accoml i rld'ge truss is formed comprising atension",

modation 'of aeroplanes .or' aircraft, 'although the invention mayobviously be applied to structures for other purposes to which it 'maybe found suitable.

The' `invention h as among its objectsto provide a structure covering anextensive area which is unobstructed by posts or ground supports forsupporting the intermediate rafter trusses employed, so that thusthestructure is, or'example, adapted for the reception of aeroplaneswithout it being necessary for them to occupy particular positions suchas would be necessary where intermediate suppdrts for the roof wereprovided. The invention also aims to provide .a structure of a portablecharacter that is readily erected, and if re uired, readily removed,while yetbeing a' apted to withstand wind and weather.

According to the invention in its application to the construction of ahangarfor aeroplanes, I employ triangular rafter trusses each consistingof rafter members and a brace or tIe carrymgm'a-middle pos1t1on avertical member which may be mounted in alinement' with a supportingpost by which the truss is thus supported at vanintermediate" point withreference to its length. The truss is also sup-- ported' near oneendwthat' is to s ay at the rear of the structure by anotherl post whichis advantageously of shorter length than the middle post so that thusthe brace or tie of the rafte'r truss' is inclined upwardly toward theopposite or front end, l andthe truss overhangs the middle supporting`means and is unsupported at' the opposite end or front of the structure,extending from the middle supporting post as acantilever. The respectiveend rafter trusses may, however, be supported at the front bymeans ofposts. The respective trusses are united at the rear, and at the frontby parall'el purlins. Advantageously these pur- Jngland, have p PatentedAng. ,17, l1920.

lins may trussed to. insure the utmost suitable ridge member.

Any number of such rafter. trusses may b e employed in parallelpositions and the end4 'ra'fter trusses alone or those in otherdetermined positions may be supported from the" Jgroundlmneath thevertical member of the truss. Accordin to the'invenltion in av structuresuch las be ore described, a longitudinal or member ortie extendingtransversely beneath vertical members of 'the intermediate trusses,which tie then extends upwardly at each end to the end of the ridgemember or to a' fitting mounted upon the middle post of the end raftertrusses. The vertical members or posts of the respective intermediaterater trusses thus form struts for the longitudinal orV ridge truss orgirder and the necessity of employing posts for the -support of theintermediate trusses from the ground in a middle position in alinementwith the vertical members ofthe respective.-

trusses is avoided.

Thev invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings` inwhichv'Figures 1 to 3 are front diagrammatic elevation, plan and sideelevation of a temporary structure or hangar for a single aeroplane.

IFigs. 4 to 18 illustrate a' modification.

Figs. 4, `6, 7 and -8 are diagrammatic representations of the structureshown in perspective in Fig. 8a, being a longitudinal section, frontelevation, roof plan, side elevation and ground plan respectively of atemporary structure or hangar for the accommodation of a number ofaeroplanes.

Fig. 9 is a detail enlarged partial front` view showing 'the ridgemember and the rafter trusses, and Fi 10 is a-`correspond ing' detailside view o a'l part of one of the rafter trusses.

Figs. 11, 12 and 13 are enlarged detail side, front and plan viewsrespectively'showing the connection of the rafter members to the upperends of the struts o'r 'vertical members of the rafter trusses.

Figs. 14 and 15 are enlarged detail side and cross sectional viewsrespectivel ofl the connection of the lower ends o the struts With theadjacent members of the truss, and Figs. 16, 17 and 18 are enlarged ploed.

igs. 19 to22 illustrated a further modification in which Fig. 19 is adiagrammatic section on the line :v -w. of Fig. 20,

Fig. 20 is a diagrammatic plan,

Fig. 21 is a perspective view of the construction illustrated in Figs.19 and 20, and

Fig. 22n is a cross'section von an enlarged scale on the line y-yfFig20.

Figs. 22a and 22h are cross sections of rafters.

In the construction for example of a hangar for the accommodation of oneaerof plane as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 `and 3, four rafter trusses maybe provided each consisting of rafter members al a2, a brace or tie a3and a vertical member b1 mounted in alinement with a supporting post bby which the truss thus constituted is supported in a middle position,.Each truss is supported at the rear by a post g.- Between the twocentrally disposed trusses the body or fuselage of the aeroplane c maylie, while the lane c1 may extend beneath the overhanging parts of thetrusses. The roof and sides Vmay be covered withcanvas d or any othersuitable material secured in position in any convenient way and thefront of the structure may be closed,A in an suitable way as for exampleby means o the canvas d asl illustrated in Fig. 3 and guys e f mayextend in line with the trusses a1, a2, a3, 711 at the front and rearand sides and be fastened to anchoring bolts in the ground asillustrated.

The posts b and g for the support of the rafter trusses a1, a2, a", b1may be formed of rectangular cross section and from a number of boardswhich forml the respective faces of the post. The upper ends of theposts b and g are adapted for the connection to the truss and thetrusses are connected together by means of lates 'h at each side withbolts passing t rough the plates 'and through the adjacent ends of therespective parts in known nmanner; or the l respective adjacent ends ofthe parts of the truss or of the posts tobe connected together may beprovided with angle pieces at' the end.- Each angle piece comprisesanoutwardly extending end adapted when the parts or memb'ersare arrangedin position to be fastened together to protrude at each side intocentral holes formed in coincidently disposed fastening plates or disksmounted' upon each side of the adjacent parts or member to be connectedand when the respective parts to be connected are brought into theirproper relation toeach'other with the ends of the angle pieces insertedinto the respective fastening plates, a fastening bolt ispassed throughthe coincident fastening plates and the two are fastenedy together thusfirmly holding the adjacent ends ofthe parts to be connected which areeffectively held by the engagement of the angle pieces in the holes ofthe fastenin plates. Such a means of connection is ot special utilityfor the connection of the respective parts or members at the junctionbetween the central vertical member of the trussand the 1 respectiveparts of the tie and the middle post but it may be applied to otherparts, that is to say for example for the connection together ofthecentral vertical member of the truss to the ridge member. This will befound set forth below in specific detail yin connection with Figs. 10 to15.

`ily dismounted, an advantage o f special importancey for .use in thefield. In carrying the invention into efect i the construction of ahangar as illustrated in Figs. 4 to 18 of the accompanyingdrawings, Iprovide four main rafter trusses of the construction described withreference to Figs. 1 to 3, comprising main members a1, a2, an"4 and b1,the rafter trusses at each end being respectively supported by threeposts, one j at the front, one g-at the back and another b in alinementwith the vertical member b1 of the truss in a middle position. Theintermediate rafter trusses are directly .supported from the ground atthe rear only by means of. posts g andthe vertical members b1 of theintermediate rafter trusses are utilized to form a longitudinal or ridgetruss or girder by providing a tension member c or wire rope to extendunder the lower ends of the vertical members b1 of the intermediaterafter trusses of which there are two in the illustrated construction.The tension member k is at each end upwardly directed for connection tothe end of the ridge member Z or to a terminal itting h, Fig. 9, mountedupon the central post b1 of the respective end rafter trusses by meansof which the ends of the ridge member are connected'to the end raftertrusses. The forward portions of the intermediate rafter trusses extendfrom-the longitudinal girder as cantilevers. By such means the ridgemember and roof are strengthened and the weight of the roof effectivelycarried without support of the intermediate rafter trusses in` a middleposition or at the front.

It will be noted that the arrangement in dicated brings the member blaskew with 'respect to the other parts of a truss but j vertical orpractically in line with Vthe supporting posts b. It will also be notedthat the arrangement l have indicated in which.

the rear is low and the rafter trusses'pitched forward and -upward givessubstantially even and sufficient slope members al, a2.

`The respective vertical members or struts b1 ofthe intermediate 'raftertrusses are, however, supported against stresses longitudinally of thestructure by means of Vangularly disposed struts Z1 extending on eachside for connection with the ridge member Z, while similarly-thevertical vmember or post bl'of the end rafter trusses may be connectedto the ridge member l by a similar strut Z1. Guy ropes f f f may beconnected to the end struts at lthe ridge .and purlins for support ofthe structure against endwise stresses while guys emay be connected inline with`.the rafter trusses.

In addition to being 4 connected by the ridge member Z and tensionmember k of the longitudinal trussed girder, the rafter trusses areconnected at the rear and front by purlins z' and 1 respectively.

The respective truss members al, a2, a3, b? may be connected togetherand the trusses maybe connectedto form the building by the use ofjunction fittings or fastening plates such as hereinbefore describedwhich do not necessarily require that the connecting bolts shallberemoved when the struc;

ture is pulled down for transport or reerection. v

In Figs. 9 and 10 are illustrated the means that may be' employed tosecure the respective members ofthe rafter trusses to- ,gether and tothe ridge member and, for` securing members of the end trusses t0 thevertical supporting posts b.

Figs. 151, 12 and 13 show detail views of the manner in which the raftermembers and vertical post of the respective trusses are secured togetherand to the ridge member, while manner in which the l'vertical members ofintermediate rafter vtrussesare secured to' gether and supported by thetension wire c. l

As illustrated in Figs. 10 to 13 coincident plates h, h1, h2 vareprovided on each side of theends of the truss members to be connected'ridge memberl, their inner faces being formed to 'provide radialrecesses for the reception of the rafter members a* Aa2 and forlrespective-fastening plates k and'its end isy or pitch to the roof.

the vertical member or post'bl. l The vertical member or. post b1 asillustrated in Figs.- 11, 12 and 13 passes upwardly-between the thus.interposed between the oppositely disposed ends. of adjacent sections ofthe ridge member l.

Each of the members a1 a2 has secured on opposite faces in coincidentpositions thereon an angle piece or plate o which is secured in positionby means of a screw or screws or bolt or bolts such as 01'. Theoutwardly turned end o2 of each fastening plate is adapted to enter ahole of corresponding shape provided in lcoincident positions on therespective fastening plates h so that thus on the bolt p and the boltsp1 p1 being tightened, the post b1, andthe truss members al a? are.firmly and securely held in position.

By such means it will bel understood that the respective members. of therafter trusses are readily put into the position in which they `have tobe connected together and by need not be completely withdrawnbut only lsufficiently, to release the ends of the members a? a2, the boltsfastening plates h, belng thus retained con- 1- being loosened, the

nected to the upper end of the vertical member b1. The end junctionfittings or fastening plates h are provided as' illustrated in 'Fig'. 10with. the. outer plate having no hole or'socket for the reception of theend'of a ridge member. The terminal fitting or fastening plates areotherwise fconstructed the same las illustrated in Figs. 11, 12 and 13.

The fastening llates l1, may instead be secured by means oi) screws orbolts to the ends of complete sections of the ridge member asillustrated in Fig. 9 and they may be fixed in osition by means ofscrewsor bolts.

' he ridge member Z may be madeup of short lengths and may be securedtogether or reinforced. by means of sleeves or plugs at 12 screws, boltsor other means being employed to secure the'respective lengths together1n a more or lessjpermanent wa although this j,

joint may if desired bema e more or less temporary and capable ofreadywdisconnection where it 'is desired tovtrans ort the ridge memberinsmall sections. lmilarl the members of the trusses may bevprovlde withreinforcing blocks or sleeves.

The connection of the parts of the'brace 120 tie a8 of each endtrusswith the vertical member b1 and the post b may be eiected'insubstantially th'e same way'as lbeforedescribed Afor the connection ofthe members of the truss at the ridge, but in this case the coincidentfastening plates h1 may be connected together by means of acentral boltp2 and the ends of the respectiveparts .and the ends of the members b1and aand ost b may each be provided wth'anangle Piece or member o ist noa on each side whose outwardly extending part o2 is adapted to engage incoincident holes in the respective fastening plates h1, the respectivefastening plates h1 being formed on their inner sides to providerecesses to receive the ends of the respective members. Similarvfastening plates h2 of angular shape may be provided to connecttogether the ad. jacent ends of the members a2 a? and a1 a".

Thevplates h1 for the intermediate rafter trusses, shown. in detail inFigs. 14 and 15, are similar to those fonthe end trussesy except thatthey are adapted to receive a bracket or fitting h3 secured in positionby means of bolts or other means and adapted for lthe reception ofapin-h4. The pin k* of eachk bracket has connected to it wire ropesforming sections of the tension member -a of the longitudinal trussedgirder, two such ropes extending in either directionfrom each pin la".The ropes extending in one direction are connected at their oppositeends tothe pin It* of the'bracket carried by the adjacent intermediaterafter truss, and the ropes extending -in the .other direction areconnected at their other ends to the plate k at the upper end of thevertical member of the adjacent end rafter truss.

In` positions between the' intermediate rafter trusses and'between theintermediate rafter trusses and the end rafter trusses,

rafters g are advantageously interposed as illustrated in Figs. l5, 46,8a and 16. These rafters may be. formed as shown in Figs. 16, 17 and 18,being trussed and formed oftwo longitudinal parts separated in themiddle portions byv means of distance pieces g2 and brought together attheir respective ends and connected to a block g3 at each end which-serves .respectively for connection to the rafter member Z and to thepurlin i or il respectively by means of fastening brackets g5 and boltsg and (+151 respectively. tr

uts r are provided as'triangular frames pivotedv between thelongitudinal members of the rafter q at r1 and adapted to be engaged bymeans of a latch r2 inl their extended positions and to rest within avrecessed plate r3 whose ends are connected to the rods s, the oppositeends of which are desired to dismount the rafter for transport.

The purlins z' 1 are disposed vertically, they are connected to the endposts g and j respectively, and in intermediate'positions, they serve toconnect the ends vof the ntermediate rafter trusses and support theouter ends of the intermediate rafters and they are trussed in theAmanner illustrated in Figs. 1 8a and 21 particularly. A trussed purlin 3may be provided in the position indicated in Fig. 7 and this may beconnected to the members a1 of the respective rafter trusses and mayserve to carry the ends of the intermediate rafters in the manner beforedescribed.

Guy ropes f1 may as illustrated in Fig. 4 be provided adjacent theintermediate trusses and whose opposite ends are an chored in the groundso as thus to contribute to the longitudinal stability of the structure.

.It will be understood lthat the rafter trusses provided according tothe invention have their respective rafter members of an unequal lengthso that thus the front part of the structure may be unsupported from theground at intermediate points and if desired it may be unsupported atthe d front completely. The roof thus constructed is completelysupported at the rear andit is supported at the sidesfrom the ground byposts disposed in alinement with" the ver' tical members of the endtrusses while at the front the end rafter trusses may also be ysupported from the grund `by means of posts.` The form of the raftertrusses is such that the tie inclines upwardly toward the front of thestructure. l

Itl will be understood thatI such a portable or knockdown structure asshown to illustrate the invention may be covered with canvas roofinsheets Vor with roofing boards, but it 1s preferred to use a roofing ofcanvas and to provide a covering for the sides, front and rear `of thesame material.

In carrying the invention into effect according to-Figs. 19 to 22, Iemploy a construction ingeneral corresponding to that illustrated -inFigs. 1, 2 and 3 modified by thel rovision of a longitudinal raftersupporting or ridge4 truss or girder as in the constructionillustratedin Figs. 4 to 8. Thus in this case the intermediate rafter'los trusses are supported from the ground only at the rear so that thefront of the structure is completely open as illustrated in Fig.

21, in which figure only parts of the intermediate trusses'appear. Theconstruction 4is in general substantially-the same as that of themodifications previously described and the same reference letters areapplied on the same parts. .Additional struts'and pillars are,however,provided with a view to strengthen the end trusses asillustrated in Fig. 22. 'f

The ridge member, the and the mel-n` bers of the truss may be ui'lt upof boards to, form elements of hollow rectangular shape. The rafters mayas illustrated in the sectionvew Fig.' be prov1dedof a rectangularsection or of T-section as/ illustrated in Fig. 22R.' The respectivelengths.

or sections lof the hollow ridge members and .the members of the raftertrusses may be connected together by means of blocks fitting within the.oppositely disposed ends and ses curedin position by means of, screws orbolts passing-throughv the respective walls of the members or otherwise.Similar l10 blocks maybe mounted at intervals in the 1. A roor`comprising a series of triangu-y lar trusses and an intermediate postunder each of the end trusses, a longitudinal truss uniting saidtriangular trusses, said longitudinal truss having the same verticaldepth as the deepest part of the triangular trusses, andthe upper chordof said longitudinal truss constituting the ridge pole of the structure,said longitudinaltruss being supported by said intermediate endposts,and a longitudinal purlin connecting the projecting ends of thetriangular trusses, the intermediate triangular trusses extendingforward from the longitudinal truss as oantalivers, thereby avoidingnecessity for intermediate supports.

2. In a roof for an openfront hangar for aer0planes, in combination,'.aseries of rear posts, two end posts intermediate front and rear, alongitudinal truss extending between said intermediate posts, andatriangular truss extending from the line ofthe rear posts forward, saidtriangular truss being united with the longitudinal truss intermediateits length and being thus supported so that its forward end may beunsupported, whereby the lfront and interior of the hangar are `leftunobstructed.v o

B. In a roof for an open-front hangar for aeroplanes, in combination, aseries of rear posts, two end posts intermediate front and rear, alongitudinal truss extending between said intermediate posts, andapluralit of triangular trusses extending forward rom the line of therear posts, the deepest part of said triangular trusses coinciding withthe depth of the longitudinal truss, said triangular trussesconstituting raffter trusses, and -the forward ends of the triangulartrusses 4extending. from the longitudinal truss as cantalivers, wherebythe front side of the hangar is unobstructed by posts.

4. In a roof structure', in combination, end posts, a truss 'betweenthem arranged in` a vertical plane, triangular raftertrusses extendingobliquely -upward from rear to front,

`. said .tudinal truss as cantalivers.

the Asaid'rafter trusses being united with the longitudinal truss attheir deepest part, and parts `of, the longitudinal truss formingA'vertical struts in the obliquely'extending rafter trusses, andsupports for the rear of the rafter trusses, whereby the -forward endsof the upwardl '.inclined rafter trusses may be unsupporte therebyleaving the front unobstructed.

5. In a-roof structureincombination, a longitudinal truss, en d andintermediate 'transverse rafter trusses crossing and lextending forwardof the longitudinal truss, the lowest and longest member of each ofwhich transverse trusses is inclined, vertical posts or struts ofunequal length in the transverse trusses, the longest of which posts ofthe intermediate transverse trusses also form struts in the longitudinaltruss, the longitudinal truss comprising a ridge member and a tie memberextending under .all the struts in the longitudinal truss and secured atits ends to the end parts of said truss, whereby the longitudinal andobliquely arranged transverse members are secured together into onestructure, and posts at the rear and sides only for supporting saidstructure, whereby the front is left unobstructed. f

6. A structure comprising parallel disposed.- rafter trusses extendingfrom front to rear, each rafter truss being constituted of elementsincluding' a vertical strut intermediate its length and rafter elementson one side longer than upon the other side of the truss, said trusseshaving their lowermembers upwardly inclined toward the front of thestructure, longitudinal members connecting the said trusses, saidlongitudinal mem# bers including a-ridge member and a lower or tensionmember and forming with said vertical-struts a longitudinal truss bywhich the transverse trusses are supported and frornwhich ends of thetransverse trusses extend as cantalivers.

' 7. In a .hanger for laeroplanes, in combination, a plurality of raftertrusses arranged parallel, said trusses bein arranged with the bottomof.eachincline and each be1ng provided with top members sloping from apoint nearer one .end than the other, each having av memberextendinverticall oint and meeting the ase mem er obli ue y, meansconnecting said rafter trusses su stantially in the plane of saidvertical members and forming 'with Vsaid vertical members .alongitudinal truss, supports for said longitudinal truss, and means forsupporting said rafter trusses at one side of said longitudinal truss,said rafter trusses extending from the other side of said longi- 8. Inaportable and knockdownhangar posts forward of these and under the ridgemember, end rafter trusses and one or more intermediate rafter trussesarranged to have their rear ends supported by the rear posts and toextend obhquely forwardA and upward, each of said rafter trusses havinga vertical member arranged -to come directly under the ridge member andhaving a cantaliver end extending forward from said vertical member, at1e member forming with said ridge member and said vertical members ofthe intermediate rafter trusses a supting truss, purlins for unitin saidrafter bers, and interlittinos where y the whole may be knocked downEfor easy transportation.

9. In a structure comprising parallel rafter trusses, in combination, alongitudinal truss formed by .a ridge member, posts of the intermediatevtransverse rafter trusses and a tension member or tie passin beneaththe said posts parallel with the ri ge mem- 'ber and connected at ornear the res ective ends of theridge member adjacent te end transverserafter trusses, and onlyrear and end posts for supporting'the structure,end posts being under the ends of and in the plane of thelongitudinaltruss, and the rear posts being under the ends of the transverse rafterAtrusses, whereby the front and interior of the structure are leftunobstructed by posts, substantially as described.

10. A roof structure comprising a series of transverse trusses havingstrut members,

a support for each of the end trusses ofthe series, la longitudinaltrussuniting said transverse trusses intermediate the ends thereof,strut members of thev intermediate 4transverse trusses being also strutmembers whereby the structure is su `ported with one side unobstructedto provide space for free ingress.

1'1. A girder having .a plurality of vertical strut members, endsupports therefor, a plurality of transverse trusses extending acrossand supported by said trussed-girder and united therewith with saidvertical strut members ofthe trussed girder serving as vertical strutmembers .of said transverse trusses, and means for supporting saidtransverse trusses at one side of theI trussed girder, the transversetrusses extending-from the other side ofthe trussed girder ascantalivers.

12. A roof structure comprising a trussed girder h'avin a plurality ofvertical strut members, en supports therefor, a plurality of transversetrusses extending across and supported by said trussedgirder and unitedtherewith with said vertical strut lmembers of the trussed girderserving as verticalstrut members of said transverse trusses, meansforsupporting Said transverse trusses at one side of the trussed girder,the transverse trusses extending from the other side of the trussedconnecting sai transverse trusses, Vand rafters'between said transversetrusses carried said trussed girder.

13. In a portable and knockdown hangar for aeroplanes, in combination, aseries of triangular rafter trusses supported at their rear endsv andextending forward and obliquely upward, aridge member uniting saidtrusses, purlins uniting said trusses'at their front and rear ends, saidtrusses having a 'vertical member arranged to come directly ITHOMASEDGARRICHRDS.

roof structure comprising a trussed' 'rder as cantalivers, purlinsl ,y

by said' purlins and the upper member., of i' i

